Exchange Visitor Programs
Exchange Visitor Programs cover temporary visas that allow
visitors to enter the United States to participate in exchange
programs. They are run by: the U.S. State Department, which runs
the F, J, and M visas (for educational and cultural exchange
programs), and the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services
(USCIS) Department, which runs the Q visa
(for international cultural exchange programs).
According to the U.S. State Department, "the Q-1 visa is for
certain international cultural exchange programs designed to
provide practical training and employment, and sharing of the
history, culture, and traditions of participants home country in
the United States" (from their information site located here).
The requirements for a Q-1 visa are as
follows:
- Culture-sharing must take place in a school, museum, business
or other establishment where the public is exposed to aspects of a
foreign culture as part of a structured program
- The cultural component must be an essential and integral part
of the participant's employment and training, and must be designed
to exhibit the attitude, customs, history, heritage, hilosophy
and/or tradition of the participant's country of
nationality
- The employment and training aspects may not be independent of
the cultural component.
If your program of study is less than 18 hours a week, you may
be able to use a visitor visa. For higher workloads, you will need
a student visa to study in the U.S. There are three types of Visas
you can have as an international student, namely F-1 (for most
international students), M-1 (for a skilled trade or vocational
skill program), and J-1 (for a sponsored exchange program).
These are some basic requirements if you would like to
become an international student in the U.S:
- The student must be enrolled in an "academic" educational
program, a language-training program, or a vocational
program
- The school must be approved by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration
Services (USCIS);
- The student must be enrolled as a full-time student at the
institution
- The student must be proficient in English or be enrolled in
courses leading to English proficiency
- The student must have sufficient funds available for
self-support during the entire proposed course of study
- The student must maintain a residence abroad which he or she
has no intention of giving up.
Apply Early
The U.S. Department of State has the following advisory on
their site, verbatim (in content and format):
Visa applications are now subject to a greater
degree of scrutiny than in the past. For many applicants, a
personal appearance interview is required as a standard part of
visa processing. Additionally, applicants affected by these
procedures are informed of the need for additional screening at the
time they submit their applications and are being advised to expect
delays. The time needed for adjudication of individual cases will
continue to be difficult to predict. For travelers, the need for an
interview will mean additional coordination with the embassy or
consulate is needed to schedule an interview appointment. We
recommend that individuals build in ample time before their planned
travel date when seeking to obtain a visa.
Most official forms you need will be located here or here, at
the U.S. Department of State site.
What Type of Student Visa Should I Apply For?
See the diagram below for the
answer to this question:

Visa Denials
If your visa application is denied, don't
panic. It happens to many people around the world, so you are not
alone. Your consular officer will probably mention Section 214(b)
as the reason for the denial. Here's a transcript of this section
of the Immigration and Nationality Act:
Every alien shall be presumed to be an immigrant until he
establishes to the satisfaction of the consular officer, at the
time of application for admission, that he is entitled to a
non-immigrant status…
What this means, in actuality, is that the onus is
on the applicant to prove that s/he does not intend to leave the
home country permanently. You can prove this by providing official
evidence of your ties to your native or home country (permanent
residence, family ties, property ownership, work contract,
etc).
A visa denial is not permanent. Contact your local U.S. embassy or
consulate to inquire about reapplying, and make sure to include any
supporting evidence you may not have considered the first time
around. Your goal is to show evidence of strong ties outside the
U.S. that prove compellingly that you are not seeking
immigration.
Image Credit: Two Roses
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